Michele Pifferi is Professor of Legal History at the University of Ferrara, Law Department and Alexander von Humboldt Permanent Fellow. He has been visiting researcher at the Max-Planck-Institut for Legal History in Frankfurt a. M., NYU, Berkeley UC - School of Law; University of Oxford; University of Hamburg and Humboldt University in Berlin. He is currently Leverhulme Visiting Professor at the Centre for Criminology, University of Oxford. His research interests focus on the history of criminal law and criminology and the history of migration law. Among his recent publications: Punishment and Social Control in Historical Perspective, in Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics (2022); The Limits of Criminological Positivism. The Movement for Criminal Law Reform in the West, 1870-1940 (editor, Routledge, 2022); Reinventing Punishment. A Comparative History of Criminology and Penology in the 19th and 20th Century (OUP, 2016).